拼写规律1、j、q、x、y真淘气，从不和u在一起，见了ü更调皮，小ü帽子全摘掉(居jū 去qù 许xǔ)2、j、q、x真稀奇，见了a大哥，有话不敢说找，来小i中间坐(家jiā 掐qiā 夏xià)3、g、k、h，怪脾气，不和小o站一起，若要站一起，小u中间立(国guó 扩kuò 火huǒ)4、i、u、ü是小弟，从来不能排第一，想成音节找w、y。大w只能领小u(乌wū)，大y能找i或ü，i上标调点省去，y、ü拉手点也去(衣yī 雨ǔ)。5、a、o、e作头易混淆，音节间加隔音号'(西安xi'an)两拼法音节拼读两拼法，声母前，韵母后，头上声调不能漏。前音轻短后音重，两音相连猛一碰。b → ō → bō↓ ↓ ↓声母 韵母（加声调） 音节三拼法音节拼读三拼法，三个字母拼一块，声轻介快韵母响,三音连续不间断。b → i → ān → biān↓ ↓ ↓ ↓声母 介母 韵母 音节
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?词语辨析take a photo/ take photos 拍照quite a few+名词复数 “许多…”seem + 形容词 看起来…... eg. You seem happy today. seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事 eg. I seem to have a cold. It seems + 从句 似乎..…. eg. It seems that no one believe you. seem like ... 好像，似乎….. eg. It seems like a good idea.arrive in +大地点= get to= reach+地点名 到达...... arrive at +小地点 若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略，如：arrive here; get homefeel like sth 感觉像… feel doing sth. 想要做某事wonder(想知道)+疑问词(who, what, why)引导的从句。because of +名/代/V-ing because+从句 He can't take a walk because of the rain. I didn't buy the shirt because it was too expensive.enough +名词 足够的…... 形容词/副词+enough重点短语 1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物 2. taste + adj. 尝起来…… 3. nothing...but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有 4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来 5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到达某地 6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事 8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事 10. start doing sth. 开始做某事 = begin doing sth. 11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 区分：stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 14. so + adj + that + 从句 如此……以至于…… 16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要) 做某事 17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事Unit2 How often do you exercise?词语辨析maybe / may bemaybe 是副词，意为“大概， 可能，或许”，一般用于句首。 May be是情态动词，意为“可能是...，也许是...，大概是...”. The baby is crying. Maybe she is hungry. The woman may be a teacher.a few / few / alittle / littlea few (少数的，几个，一些)a little (一点儿，少量)表示肯定few (很少的，几乎没有的)little (很少的，几乎没有的)表示否定修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词 People can live to 100, butfew people can live to 150. There is little timeleft. I won’t catch the first bus. Could you give me a little milk?hard / hardly hard作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”;作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。hardly为副词，意为“几乎不”。 - *The ground is too hard to dig.* - *I can hardly understand them.* - *It’s raining hard. People can hardly go outside.* As for homework, most students do homework every day. as for...意思是“至于;关于”，+名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)。 如： As for him，I never want to see him here.至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。 As for the story，you'd better not believe it.关于那故事，你最好不要相信。That sounds interesting. 这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。 sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，feel(觉得)，seem(好象)，grow(变得),get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。 如：It tastes good. 这味道好。The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。percent 名词，意为“百分之……” 百分数的表示方法：基数+ percent (不用复数形式)，percent做主语时，谓语动词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定。 50%：fifty percent 百分之五十 Fifty percent of the apples are bad. 50%的苹果都坏了。 Twenty percent of the meat is inthe fridge. 20%的肉都在冰箱not… at all 意为“一点也不”，not应放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后。 The story isn’t interesting at all. 那个故事一点也没有趣。It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是……的。 It is interesting to play computer games. 玩电脑很有趣。take, spend, pay It takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“花费某人……时间来做某事”。 人(sb.) spend 时间/钱 on sth. “买某物花了……钱”。 人(sb.) spend 时间/钱 (in) doing“花费多少时间来做某事”。 pay 的主语必须是人，而“花钱买某物”为pay...for...however 副词，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折关系，可放在句首、句中、句末。重点短语go to the movies 去看电影look after = take care of 照顾surf the internet 上网healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式go skate boarding 去划板keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康eating habits 饮食习惯take more exercise 做更多的运动the same as 与什么相同be different from 不同once a month 一月一次twice a week 一周两次make a difference to 对......有影响/作用most of the students = most studentsshop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物be good for 对......有益be bad for 对......有害come home from school放学回家of course = certainly = sure 当然get good grades 取得好成绩keep/be in good health 保持健康take a vacation 去度假Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.词语辨析be good at=do well in ，其后可接名词、代词或动名词，表示擅长......care about 关心care for 关爱take care (当/小心)take care of (照顾)=look aftermake sb. do sth.： 让(使)某人做某事(make后跟不带to的不定式)His father always make me get up before five o'clock.make sb. +形容词：使某人保持某种状态My friends always make me happy.be like“就像…”I am like your sister.look like “外貌上的像 ”I look like my sister.That’s why+句子：那就是…的原因/那就是为什么…That's why I study English hard. 那就是我努力学习英语的原因。be different from 与……不同反：be the same as 与…… 相同though① adv. 不过;可是;然而(句末补充说明使语气减弱)② conj. 虽然;尽管=although，与but 不能同时用在一个句子中He said he would come. He didn’t,though.他说他要来，可是并没有来。Though/Although he has been deadfor many years, many people still remember him.尽管他已经去世很多年了，但很多人仍然记得他。get bettergrades 取得更好的成绩does(助动词do/did)，为了避免重复，可代替上文出现过的实意动词。be good withsb. 与某人相处得好重点短语more outgoing 更外向/更开朗as...as...与…… 一样the singing competition 歌咏比赛the most important 最重要的be talented in music 在音乐方面有天赋the same as 与……相同care about 关心/留意/关注be different from 与…...不同be like a mirror 像一面镜子as long as 只要;与…...一样长bring out 显示/显出get better grades 取得更好的成绩reach for 伸手达到/达到touch one’s heart 感动in fact 事实上make friends 交朋友be good at 在某方面成绩好the other 另一个be similar to 与…相似be good with 与…和睦相处have fun=Have a good time 玩得开心have fun doing sth 做某事很开心do the same thingsas me. 做和我一样的事情It’s+adj+(forsb.)to do sth. “做某事(对某人来说)是...的 ”24 make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友as long as 只要;既然，引导条件状语从句Unit 4 What’s the bestmovie theater?词语辨析How do you like+名/代/V-ing=What do you think of ：“ 你认为…怎么样?”Thanks for=Thankyou for +名/代/V-ing:“感谢…”You’re welcome.=Not at all. 不客气talent 名(可)天赋talent show 才艺表演talented adj. 有天赋的be talented in 在......方面有天赋be good at 擅长… (= do well in)反义短语：be poor / weak in 在...方面薄弱be good for 对……有益，后跟人或事物;其反义短语是be bad forbe good to 对……好(和善;慈爱)，相当于 befriendly to，后面通常接人all kinds of 各种各样的different kinds of 不同种类的a kind of 一种…...kind of 有点+adj.： kind of boring / fat /thinwin vt. 赢得+奖品 winner n. 赢者watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做了某事watch doing sth. 观看某人正在做某事举例：such as 常列举几个例子，不能穷尽，可和and so on(等等)连用;like可和such as互换;for example 一般只列举一个，作插入语用逗号隔开，可置于句首/句中/句末。重点短语so far 到目前为止，迄今为止no problem 没什么，别客气have….in common 有相同特征(想法、兴趣等方面)相同be up to 由…...决定/是…...的职责all kinds of … 各种各样的……play a role in doing sth./sth. 发挥作用，有影响make up 编造(故事、谎言等)for example=e.g. 例如take …..seriously 认真对待not everybody 并不是每个人close to 离..….近more and more 越来越……Unit 5 Do you want towatch a game show?词语辨析want + n 想要……want to do sth 想要做某事want sb to do sth 想让某人做某事……mind 介意，其后+名词/代词/V-ingstand1)“站, 站立” e.g. Stand up! 起立2) “忍受”(多用于否定句、疑问句) , 后可+名/代/V-ingplan vt. &vi.计划, 打算，plan to do sth.plan 还可作名词，如：make plans 制定计划v. discuss (讨论) + ion→ n. discussionhad a discussion about sth. 对某事进行讨论happen v. 发生; 出现sth+ happens to sb.”或“sth happened + 时间/地点”句式情态动词may 语气弱于can，意为“可能”might 表推测，语气最弱，意为“可能”may/might not 表示否定推测时语气最弱，意为“可能不”They may not be very exciting. 它们可能不是那么令人兴奋。expect to do sth. 期盼做某事hope to do sth: 希望干某事很多动词后面都可以跟动词不定式作宾语，如：want, like, hope, wish, learn,start, begin, prefer, try, askbe famous as 作为……而出名be famous for sth. 因为......而出名one of… 后跟可数名词复数，表示…之一。 其后的谓语动词用单数。One of my favorite movies is Mr.Bean. 我最喜欢的电影之一是憨豆先生。shown. 节目 TV shows/talent shows;v. 展示 show sth. tosb.= show sb. sth.重点短语find out 查出/发现be ready to do 准备做…dress up 打扮/化妆成take one's place 代替某人do a good job 干的好/表演的出色think of 想到/思考game show 游戏节目learn from 向…...学习talk show 访谈节目soap opera 肥皂剧go on 继续watch a movie 看电影one of… 其中之一try one’s best to =do one’sbest to 竭尽全力a pair of 一双as famous as 一样闻名/出名look like 看起来像around the world 世界各地have a discussion about 讨论…...one day 有一天/某一天such as 例如a symbol of 一个象征/标志something enjoyable 快乐的事情interesting information 有趣的信息Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science.重点词语/短语用法解析1.want to be/become + (职业)名词 :“想要成为…..”I want to be (be) a scientist when I grow up.2.write stories 写故事tell stories 讲故事3.keep on doing sth. 继续做某事(表动作的反复)keeping doing sth. 保持做某事(表动作或状态的持续)be sure about +名/代/V-ing“肯定”Are you sure about that?make sure (that)+从句“…...确保...…”Make sure that both doors are closed when you go out.5.learn sth.We must learn English every day.learn to do sth.I amgoing to learn to play ( play) the piano.discuss v. 讨论;商量名词是discussiondiscuss with sb. 与某人讨论 :Discuss this question with yourpartner.Let’s discuss this problem. 让我们讨论一下这个问题。All we need now is action, not discussion. 我们现在需要的是行动，不是讨论。be able to do sth. 能够做某事(1)can : can+动词原形，无人称和数的变化。只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时，不能用于将来时。be able to + 动词原形，有人称和数的变化，可用于多种时态。(2)can 常指客观上能够;be able to 更侧重于经过努力、克服一定困难有能力做成某事。He will be able to(能够) speak English next year.(在此不能填can)8.promise n. 承诺;诺言 v. 许诺;承诺;答应make a promise(to sb) (对某人)许下诺言keep a promise 遵守诺言break a promise 违背诺言promise (sb) to do sth. 许诺某人干某事promise (sb) +that 从句He promised to help me. 他许诺过要帮助我。I promised that I study hard from nowon. 我承诺从现在起努力学习。9.have to do with 关于;与……有关系The book has to do with computers. 那本书与计算机有关。take up sth./doing sth.(尤指为消遣)学着做;开始做I am going to take up cooking next year.明年我将要学煮饭。Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.too+形容词/副词 to+动词原形，表示“太…...而不能...…”如：The kid is too young to play thisgame.这个小孩太小，不能玩这个游戏。12.one’sown +名词 “某人自己的东西”， 强调某物为个人所有my own book 我自己的书本重点词语/短语用法解析1.want to be/become + (职业)名词 :“想要成为…..”I want to be (be) a scientist when I grow up.2.write stories 写故事tell stories 讲故事3.keep on doing sth. 继续做某事(表动作的反复)keeping doing sth. 保持做某事(表动作或状态的持续)be sure about +名/代/V-ing“肯定”Are you sure about that?make sure (that)+从句“…...确保...…”Make sure that both doors are closed when you go out.5.learn sth.We must learn English every day.learn to do sth.I amgoing to learn to play ( play) the piano.discuss v. 讨论;商量名词是discussiondiscuss with sb. 与某人讨论 :Discuss this question with yourpartner.Let’s discuss this problem. 让我们讨论一下这个问题。All we need now is action, not discussion. 我们现在需要的是行动，不是讨论。be able to do sth. 能够做某事(1)can : can+动词原形，无人称和数的变化。只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时，不能用于将来时。be able to + 动词原形，有人称和数的变化，可用于多种时态。(2)can 常指客观上能够;be able to 更侧重于经过努力、克服一定困难有能力做成某事。He will be able to(能够) speak English next year.(在此不能填can)8.promise n. 承诺;诺言 v. 许诺;承诺;答应make a promise(to sb) (对某人)许下诺言keep a promise 遵守诺言break a promise 违背诺言promise (sb) to do sth. 许诺某人干某事promise (sb) +that 从句He promised to help me. 他许诺过要帮助我。I promised that I study hard from nowon. 我承诺从现在起努力学习。9.have to do with 关于;与……有关系The book has to do with computers. 那本书与计算机有关。take up sth./doing sth.(尤指为消遣)学着做;开始做I am going to take up cooking next year.明年我将要学煮饭。Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.too+形容词/副词 to+动词原形，表示“太…...而不能...…”如：The kid is too young to play thisgame.这个小孩太小，不能玩这个游戏。12.one’sown +名词 “某人自己的东西”， 强调某物为个人所有my own book 我自己的书本Unit 7 Will people have robots?重点词语/短语用法解析1.many+可数名词 许多......much+不可数名词 许多......2.live to be+基数词 + years old“活到...…岁”bein great danger 处在极大的危险中4.play a part in +名/代/V-ing. 参与某事/做某事Everyone should play a part in saving theearth.5.help (sb.) with sth. 帮助(某人)做某事He often helps me with my English.help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助(某人)做……He often helps me study English.help oneself ( to ) 自用(食物等)Help yourself to the fish. 请随便吃鱼6.the same as… 和……一样...... 反义短语：be different fromIt takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth.某人花了……时间做某事(时态根据具体情况决定)It takes me an hour to get to my office.spend time/moneyon sth.在……上花费时间(金钱)sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事。I spent two hours on this math problem.这道数学题花了我个小时。They spent two years building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。8.hundreds of + 名词复数 许多/大量......数词+hundred + 名词复数 几百......类似的数词还有thousand(千) , million(万)There are four hundred students in ourgrade.There are hundreds of tourists in Beijingevery year.9.during 在…期间during the vacation/the daytime/the weekend10.the meaning of …的意思Can you tell me the meaning of the words?重点词语/短语用法解析1.many+可数名词 许多......much+不可数名词 许多......2.live to be+基数词 + years old“活到...…岁”bein great danger 处在极大的危险中4.play a part in +名/代/V-ing. 参与某事/做某事Everyone should play a part in saving theearth.5.help (sb.) with sth. 帮助(某人)做某事He often helps me with my English.help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助(某人)做……He often helps me study English.help oneself ( to ) 自用(食物等)Help yourself to the fish. 请随便吃鱼6.the same as… 和……一样...... 反义短语：be different fromIt takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth.某人花了……时间做某事(时态根据具体情况决定)It takes me an hour to get to my office.spend time/moneyon sth.在……上花费时间(金钱)sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事。I spent two hours on this math problem.这道数学题花了我个小时。They spent two years building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。8.hundreds of + 名词复数 许多/大量......数词+hundred + 名词复数 几百......类似的数词还有thousand(千) , million(万)There are four hundred students in ourgrade.There are hundreds of tourists in Beijingevery year.9.during 在…期间during the vacation/the daytime/the weekend10.the meaning of …的意思Can you tell me the meaning of the words?Unit 8 Howdo you make a banana milk shake?重点词语/短语用法解析1.cut是“切, 割”的意思，过去式为cut。cut up 意为“切碎”Cut up the bananas. = Cut the bananas up.Cut it /them up.2.turn on 打开, 接通(电流、煤气、水等)turn off 关掉,截断(电流、煤气、水等)turn up 开大,调高(音量、热量等)turn down 调低,关小(音量、热量等)3.one more thing 另外一件事情another ten minutes 再多十分钟数字+ more + 物品 指“另外的……another + 数字 +物品 指“另外的……当数字为one时，常与more连用或只用 another。Give me two more hamburgers?another two hamburgersforget to do sth. 忘记(去)做某事forget doing sth. 忘记已做过某事。It’s a time (for sb). to do sth.该是(某人)做某事的时期了It’s time (for sb.)to dosth. =It’s time for sth.该是(某人)做某事的时间了。It’s a time for you to study English.It’s time for us to go to school.(It’s time for school.)6.give thanks for +名/代V-ing “感恩...…”We should give thanks for our parents.He gave thanks for life and food.7.Most Americans still celebrate this ideas of giving thanks by having a big meal.by+sth./doing :1)以…...方式 I study English by listening to English songs.2)在...…的旁边 I am sitting by the pool.3)在...…之前 I have to go to school by 8:00.4)搭乘 I go to school by bus.8.Here is +名单(宾语) “这是…” 是倒装句Here is a photo of my family.Here are+名复Here are some English books.当宾语是代词时，要用顺装。如：Here you are.(对)Here are you.(错)9.fill sth. with sth. 用...…把…...装满 (强调动作)be full of“装满…”(强调状态)I filled the cup with the milk.The cup is full of the milk.10.put…in(into)…把…...放到...… 里11.cover…with…用…...覆盖12.cut …into把…...切成...…Cut the apple into four pieces.cutup… 切碎13.serve v. 服务 n.serviceserve +名/代“提供…”The shop serves nice food.serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. Serve it to your friends with some vegetables.serve sb. with sth. “用某物招待某人” Serve the guests with some tea.重点词语/短语用法解析1.cut是“切, 割”的意思，过去式为cut。cut up 意为“切碎”Cut up the bananas. = Cut the bananas up.Cut it /them up.2.turn on 打开, 接通(电流、煤气、水等)turn off 关掉,截断(电流、煤气、水等)turn up 开大,调高(音量、热量等)turn down 调低,关小(音量、热量等)3.one more thing 另外一件事情another ten minutes 再多十分钟数字+ more + 物品 指“另外的……another + 数字 +物品 指“另外的……当数字为one时，常与more连用或只用 another。Give me two more hamburgers?another two hamburgersforget to do sth. 忘记(去)做某事forget doing sth. 忘记已做过某事。It’s a time (for sb). to do sth.该是(某人)做某事的时期了It’s time (for sb.)to dosth. =It’s time for sth.该是(某人)做某事的时间了。It’s a time for you to study English.It’s time for us to go to school.(It’s time for school.)6.give thanks for +名/代V-ing “感恩...…”We should give thanks for our parents.He gave thanks for life and food.7.Most Americans still celebrate this ideas of giving thanks by having a big meal.by+sth./doing :1)以…...方式 I study English by listening to English songs.2)在...…的旁边 I am sitting by the pool.3)在...…之前 I have to go to school by 8:00.4)搭乘 I go to school by bus.8.Here is +名单(宾语) “这是…” 是倒装句Here is a photo of my family.Here are+名复Here are some English books.当宾语是代词时，要用顺装。如：Here you are.(对)Here are you.(错)9.fill sth. with sth. 用...…把…...装满 (强调动作)be full of“装满…”(强调状态)I filled the cup with the milk.The cup is full of the milk.10.put…in(into)…把…...放到...… 里11.cover…with…用…...覆盖12.cut …into把…...切成...…Cut the apple into four pieces.cutup… 切碎13.serve v. 服务 n.serviceserve +名/代“提供…”The shop serves nice food.serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. Serve it to your friends with some vegetables.serve sb. with sth. “用某物招待某人” Serve the guests with some tea.Unit 9 Can you come to my party?重点词语/短语用法解析1.one…another… 表示不确定数目中的另一个one…theother… 表示两者中的另一个I don't like this one, can you show me another?I have two brothers. One is a lawyer andthe other is a manager.some…others…表示没有范围限定的“一些…...另一些...…”some…theothers… 表示某一范围的“一些...…其余的…...”Some go to school by bike and others go to school by bus.Some go to school by bike and the others goto school by bus.invite v. 邀请 n. invitationinvite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人干某事”invite sb. to+地点名词1) Mr. Green invited me to visit his factory last week.2) Thanks a lot for your invitation3) Thanks for inviting me to yourparty.3.(1)What’s the date today? 意为“今天是几月几号?” It’s +月+日。(2)What day isit today? 意为“今天是星期几?”It’s + 星期几。—What’s thedate?—It’s September 10th.—What day is it today?— It’s Wednesday.4.have a lesson(class) 上课have an English lesson5.prepare v. 准备 n. preparationprepare sth. “准备某物”，所准备的东西就是后面的宾语。prepare for sth. “为……做准备”，指为后面的宾语做准备prepare to do sth. “准备做某事”bring...to…“带来”把某物从别的地方带到说话人的地方take…to…“带去”把某物从说话的地方带到别处去。(两者方向相反)Bring your homework here, and take the book away.把你的作业拿过来，把这本书带走。7.without(介词)没有 反义词：with“具有”We can’tlive without water.Jane is a beautiful girl with long hair.sothat +从句： 以便于;目的是I study hard so that I can get good grades.9.surprise n. 惊奇surprised adj. 感到惊奇的(指人)surprising adj. 令人惊奇的(指物)be surprised at sth.“惊奇于某事”to one’ssurprise “令某人惊奇的是”① I’m surprised at the surprising news. 我对这个令人惊讶的消息感到很吃惊。② To my surprise, he left without leaving a word. 令我惊奇的是，他一声不响地离开了。10.look forward to (介词)+名/代/V-ingI look forward to your reply. 我期待你的答复。I look forward to seeing you again.11.hear from sb. = get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信。I heard from my friends yesterday.=I got a letter from my friend yesterday.12.the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式Exercising is the best way to keep healthy.13.how to do that. “该怎么做”，疑问词+to do sth常用来做宾语I don’t know how to make a banana milk shake.I don’t know what to do.14.at the end of “在…末尾”Now, it is at the end of 2014.反义短语：at the beginning of “ 在…开始”15.be glad/happy/sad to do sth.“很高兴/难过做某事I am glad to see you.16.reply to sb./sth.“回复…”Reply in writing to the invitation “以写信形式回复这份邀请函”【重点语法】一. 表示邀请的句型Can/Could you…(come to my party)?Would you like to..( Would youlike to my party)?接受：Sure/Yes/Of course, I’d love/like to.拒绝:① I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to/must+V原 (陈述理由 )② I’d love/like to, but I … (理由)3.I’mafraid not. I…(理由)二. must与have tomust 表示主观“必须”;must 表示“主观上的要求”，无人称和时态的变化，否定回答: needn’t 或 don't have to (不必)。mustn’t 表示“禁止”.have to表客观需要，有人称和时态变化，否: don’t / doesn’t /didn’t have to (没必要)—Must I be home before eight o’clock? 8点之前我必须回家吗?—Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. / No,you don't have to.重点词语/短语用法解析1.one…another… 表示不确定数目中的另一个one…the other… 表示两者中的另一个I don't like this one, can you show me another?I have two brothers. One is a lawyer andthe other is a manager.some…others…表示没有范围限定的“一些…...另一些...…”some…theothers… 表示某一范围的“一些...…其余的…...”Some go to school by bike and others go to school by bus.Some go to school by bike and the others goto school by bus.invite v. 邀请 n. invitationinvite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人干某事”invite sb. to+地点名词1) Mr. Green invited me to visit his factory last week.2) Thanks a lot for your invitation3) Thanks for inviting me to yourparty.3.(1)What’s the date today? 意为“今天是几月几号?” It’s +月+日。(2)What day isit today? 意为“今天是星期几?”It’s + 星期几。—What’s thedate?—It’s September 10th.—What day is it today?— It’s Wednesday.4.have a lesson(class) 上课have an English lesson5.prepare v. 准备 n. preparationprepare sth. “准备某物”，所准备的东西就是后面的宾语。prepare for sth. “为……做准备”，指为后面的宾语做准备prepare to do sth. “准备做某事”bring...to…“带来”把某物从别的地方带到说话人的地方take…to…“带去”把某物从说话的地方带到别处去。(两者方向相反)Bring your homework here, and take the book away.把你的作业拿过来，把这本书带走。7.without(介词)没有 反义词：with“具有”We can’tlive without water.Jane is a beautiful girl with long hair.sothat +从句： 以便于;目的是I study hard so that I can get good grades.9.surprise n. 惊奇surprised adj. 感到惊奇的(指人)surprising adj. 令人惊奇的(指物)be surprised at sth.“惊奇于某事”to one’ssurprise “令某人惊奇的是”① I’m surprised at the surprising news. 我对这个令人惊讶的消息感到很吃惊。② To my surprise, he left without leaving a word. 令我惊奇的是，他一声不响地离开了。10.look forward to (介词)+名/代/V-ingI look forward to your reply. 我期待你的答复。I look forward to seeing you again.11.hear from sb. = get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信。I heard from my friends yesterday.=I got a letter from my friend yesterday.12.the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式Exercising is the best way to keep healthy.13.how to do that. “该怎么做”，疑问词+to do sth常用来做宾语I don’t know how to make a banana milk shake.I don’t know what to do.14.at the end of “在…末尾”Now, it is at the end of 2014.反义短语：at the beginning of “ 在…开始”15.be glad/happy/sad to do sth.“很高兴/难过做某事I am glad to see you.16.reply to sb./sth.“回复…”Reply in writing to the invitation “以写信形式回复这份邀请函”【重点语法】一. 表示邀请的句型Can/Could you…(come to my party)?Would you like to..( Would youlike to my party)?接受：Sure/Yes/Of course, I’d love/like to.拒绝:① I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to/must+V原 (陈述理由 )② I’d love/like to, but I … (理由)3.I’mafraid not. I…(理由)二. must与have tomust 表示主观“必须”;must 表示“主观上的要求”，无人称和时态的变化，否定回答: needn’t 或 don't have to (不必)。mustn’t 表示“禁止”.have to表客观需要，有人称和时态变化，否: don’t / doesn’t /didn’t have to (没必要)—Must I be home before eight o’clock? 8点之前我必须回家吗?—Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. / No,you don't have to.Unit 10 If you go to the party,you’ll have a great time!重点词语/短语用法解析have agreat time 意为“玩得愉快”，=enjoy oneself, have fun, have a good /wonderful / nice timehave a great / good time in(doing) sth. 做某事很开心ask sb.(not)to do sth. 要求某人(不)做某事The teachers ask us to do (do)lots of homework.order sth. from+地点“从某地订购食物”I want to order some books fromthe book store.keep…to oneself 保守秘密unless conj. 除非;如果不unless 引导的条件句表示在特定条件下，才决定做或不做一件事。=if...notThe concert will be held asschedule unless there is a typhoon.= The concert will be held as schedule ifthere is not a typhoon.be afraidto do sth. 害怕干某事I’m afraid to speak in front ofother people.be afraid of sth. 害怕某事He told me not to be afraid ofdifficulties.be afraid +that从句I’m afraid that I can’t finish ontimebe angry withsb.We were angry with him forkeeping us waiting.be angry at/about sth.He is angry at/about your answer.I was very angry at what he said.in the end 最后;终于= at last/ finallyat the end of 在...末端;到...尽头He married the nice girl in theend/at last/finally.The school is at the end of thestreet.careless adj. 粗心的;反义词：careful， 意为“小心的”。The boy is very careless. 这个男孩很粗心。He is more careful than me. 他比我认真。advise v.“劝告;建议”n. advice, 是不可数名词.Give me some advice!advise doing sth. 建议做某事。advise sb.(not)to do sth. 建议某人(不)做某事I advise waiting till the righttime. 我建议等到适当的时候。I advise him not to sleep lateevery day. 我建议他不要每天睡懒觉。It’s best (not)to do sth. 最好(不)做某事It’s best to speak English everyday.run away from“ 从…逃离” “逃避”cut …in half “切成两半”重点词语/短语用法解析have agreat time 意为“玩得愉快”，=enjoy oneself, have fun, have a good /wonderful / nice timehave a great / good time in(doing) sth. 做某事很开心ask sb.(not)to do sth. 要求某人(不)做某事The teachers ask us to do (do)lots of homework.order sth. from+地点“从某地订购食物”I want to order some books fromthe book store.keep…to oneself 保守秘密unless conj. 除非;如果不unless 引导的条件句表示在特定条件下，才决定做或不做一件事。=if...notThe concert will be held asschedule unless there is a typhoon.= The concert will be held as schedule ifthere is not a typhoon.be afraidto do sth. 害怕干某事I’m afraid to speak in front ofother people.be afraid of sth. 害怕某事He told me not to be afraid ofdifficulties.be afraid +that从句I’m afraid that I can’t finish ontimebe angry withsb.We were angry with him forkeeping us waiting.be angry at/about sth.He is angry at/about your answer.I was very angry at what he said.in the end 最后;终于= at last/ finallyat the end of 在...末端;到...尽头He married the nice girl in theend/at last/finally.The school is at the end of thestreet.careless adj. 粗心的;反义词：careful， 意为“小心的”。The boy is very careless. 这个男孩很粗心。He is more careful than me. 他比我认真。advise v.“劝告;建议”n. advice, 是不可数名词.Give me some advice!advise doing sth. 建议做某事。advise sb.(not)to do sth. 建议某人(不)做某事I advise waiting till the righttime. 我建议等到适当的时候。I advise him not to sleep lateevery day. 我建议他不要每天睡懒觉。It’s best (not)to do sth. 最好(不)做某事It’s best to speak English everyday.run away from“ 从…逃离” “逃避”cut …in half “切成两半”
知识点1：有理数乘法法则 两数相乘，同号得正，异号得负，并把绝对值相乘。任何数同0相乘，都得0。知识点2：倒数的概念 乘积是1的两个数互为倒数。由于a×1/a（a≠0） ，所以当a是不为0的有理数时，a的倒数是1/a。若a、b互为倒数，则ab=1。知识点3：有理数乘法法则的推广 （1） 几个不等于0的数相乘，积的符号由负因数的个数决定。当负因数有奇数个时，积为负；当负因数有偶数个时，积为正。 （2） 几个数相乘，只要有一个因数为0，积就为0。知识点4：有理数乘法的运算定律 （1） 乘法交换律：a·b=b·a （2） 乘法结合律：(a·b)·c=a·(b·c) （3） 分配律：a·(b+c)=a·b+a·c
课文《带上她的眼睛》词语注音及解释点 缀 diǎn zhuì：衬托、装饰。漫步 màn bù：没有目的而悠闲地走。迟钝 chí dùn：(感官、思想、行动等)反应慢，不灵敏。蒙眬 méng lóng：快要睡着或刚醒时，两眼半开半闭，看东西模糊的样子。闲暇 xián xiá：闲空。凸现 tū xiàn：清楚地显现。拍摄 pāi shè：用摄影机或摄像机把人物的形象记录在底片或其他存储介质上。蔚蓝 wèi lán：像晴朗的天空的颜色。合拢 hé lǒng：合到一起；闭合。举例：～书本。吟唱 yínchàng：吟咏歌唱。孤零零 gū líng líng：形容孤单，无依无靠或没有陪衬。不期而至 bù qī ér zhì：事先没有约定而意外到来。心有灵犀 xīn yǒu líng xī：现多比喻双方对彼此的心思都能心领神会。天涯海角 tiān yá hǎi jiǎo：形容极远的地方，或相隔极远。
课文《太空一日》词语注音及解释弧 hú：古代指弓。举例：弦木为～(用弦绷在树枝上做成弓)。炽热 chì rè：极热。轮廓 lún kuò：构成图形或物体的外缘的线条。(事情的)概况。俯瞰 fǔ kàn：俯视。模拟 mó nǐ：也作摹拟。模仿现成的样子。遨游 áo yóu：漫游；游历。严谨 yán jǐn：严密谨慎。举例：办事～。严密细致。举例：文章结构～。稠密 chóu mì：多而密。概率 gài lǜ：对随机事件发生的可能性的度量。烧灼 shāo zhuó：烧烫(人的皮肉)。五脏六腑 wǔ zàng liù fǔ：人体内脏器官的统称。也比喻事物的内部情况。千钧重负 qiān jūn zhòng fù：钧。举例：古代的重量单位，合三十斤。比喻很沉重的负担。也比喻非常重大的责任。耐人寻味 nài rén xún wèi：耐：禁得起。寻味：探索体味。意味深长，值得人仔细体会琢磨。惊心动魄 jīng xīn dòng pò：使人神魂震惊。原指文辞优美，意境深远，使人感受极深，震动极大。后常形容使人十分惊骇紧张到极点。
课文《伟大的悲剧》词语注音及解释拽 zhuài：zhuài扔；抛。举例：把皮球～得老远。胳膊有毛病，活动不灵便。yè：同“曳”。绑 bǎng：用绳、带等缠绕或捆扎。搂 lǒu：搂抱。举例：妈妈把孩子～在怀里。两臂合抱的量为一搂。举例：抱来一～麦秸。搂 lōu：用手或工具把东西聚集到自己面前。举例：～点儿干草烧。用手拢着提起来(指衣服)。举例：～起袖子。搜刮(财物)；尽力赚(钱)。举例：～钱。向自己的方向拨；扳。举例：～扳机。核算。举例：把账～一～。昔日 xī rì：往日。堡垒bǎo lěi：在冲要地点作防守用的坚固建筑物。比喻难于攻破的事物或不容易接受新事物、新思想的人辜负 gū fù：也作孤负。对不住别人的好意 、帮助、期望。凛冽 lǐn liè：寒冷得刺骨。吞噬 tūn shì：吃掉。也比喻侵占别人的财物化为己有。噬。举例：咬。疲惫 pí bèi：极度困倦，没有精神。惫(bèi)。举例：极端疲乏。钦佩 qīn pèi：敬重佩服。鲁莽 lǔ mǎng：说话做事不经过考虑。毡鞋 zhān xié：北方人用来防寒的鞋，有高腰，低腰和无腰的。保佑 bǎo yòu：迷信的人称神佛保护和帮助。厄运 è yùn：困苦的遭遇；不幸的命运。拯救 zhěng jiù：救。耀武扬威 yào wǔ yáng wēi：耀。举例：显扬。炫耀武力，显示威风。贬义姗姗来迟 shān shān lái chí：姗姗。举例：形容走得缓慢从容。慢腾腾地来晚了。忧心忡忡 yōu xīn chōng chōng：忡忡。举例：忧虑不安的样子。形容心事重重，非常忧愁。贬义语无伦次 yǔ wú lún cì：伦次：条理。话讲得乱七八糟，毫无次序。贬义。海市蜃楼 hǎi shì shèn lóu：蜃：大蛤。原指海边或沙漠中，由于光线的反射和折射，空中或地面出现虚幻的楼台城郭。现多比喻虚无缥渺的事物。贬义。
课文《外国诗二首》词语注音及解释瞬息shùn xī：一眨眼一呼吸的短时间。怀 恋huái liàn：怀念涉足 shè zú：指进入某种环境或范围。举例：后山较为荒僻，游人很少～。萋 萋qī qī：草木茂盛的样子幽 寂yōu jì：幽雅寂静，形容孤独寂寞。
课文《一颗小桃树》词语注音及解释褪 tuì：颜色变淡。忏悔 chàn huǐ：人们认识了自己过去的错误或罪行，表示痛心和悔改。宗教徒对自己的罪过痛心和悔改，以求上帝赦免的赎罪方式。哆嗦 duō suo：身体不由自主地颤动。矜持 jīn chí：庄重；严肃。神态～沉稳。拘谨；拘束。执着 zhí zhuó：同“执著”。固执或拘泥，也指坚持不懈。服侍 fú shì：伺侯；照料。猥琐 wéi suǒ：(容貌、举动)庸俗不大方。渺小 miáo xiǎo：1、同类事物中相比较卑贱微不足道的。2、指人格卑鄙。魂魄 hún pò：迷信指附在人体内的精神灵气。幼稚 yòuzhì：年纪小。形容缺乏经验，不老练。颤抖 chàn dǒu：哆嗦；发抖。赤裸 chì luǒ：(身体)裸露。举例：全身～。比喻毫无遮盖掩饰血气方刚 xuè qì fāng gāng：血气：精力。方：正。刚：强劲。形容年青人精力正旺盛。轰轰烈烈 hōng hōng liè liè：轰轰：象声词，形容巨大的声响；烈烈：火焰炽盛的样子。形容事业的兴旺。也形容声势浩大，气魄宏伟。祸不单行 huò bù dān xíng：祸：灾难。指不幸的事接二连三地发生。
